I WAS USING THE PROCESS BEFORE I RECOGNIZED THE PROCESS. https://bankeiz.com/asset/profile%3Abjklock%3Aimported-abd011d873233eab4f80dd0917be70da7c0f05bf366291c5dd4c37d87c0c3be1/ As a child, I could make spinning wheels appear to slow down. I thought everyone could. Decades later, I recognized the same pattern in fighting, sports, engineering, and prediction. Then I formalized it—and the discovery changed how I understood my own mind. Link https://bjklock.com/p/46552b4c-0576-40d0-b78c-8b3da824118b As a child, I could make spinning wheels appear to slow down. I thought everyone could. Decades later, I recognized the same pattern in fighting, sports, engineering, and prediction. Then I formalized it—and the discovery changed how I understood my own mind. Link https://bjklock.com/p/46552b4c-0576-40d0-b78c-8b3da824118b Public Original Asset ID: profile:bjklock:imported-abd011d873233eab4f80dd0917be70da7c0f05bf366291c5dd4c37d87c0c3be1 Native asset ID: imported-abd011d873233eab4f80dd0917be70da7c0f05bf366291c5dd4c37d87c0c3be1 Owner: @bjklock — https://bankeiz.com/bjklock/ Original Kai pulse: 15108017 Sealed at: 2026-11-11T20:49:06.736Z Observed USD value: 209.13 Original digest: aa0bbbe1e3b62e45c4125db354dac248dcedb3c17f7250422818747fe961cba8 Values are observations carried by the public source, not execution terms. Original evidence and material access keep their existing rules. I WAS USING THE PROCESS BEFORE I RECOGNIZED THE PROCESS. EXPECTATION SUPERCEDES YOUR PERCEPTION OF REALITY The Recursive Architecture of Perception, Prediction, and Conscious Recognition How a childhood game with spinning wheels revealed a principle I had been operating through my entire life. By BJ Klock | November 11, 2026 I. The Discovery I Didn’t Know I Had Made When I was a child, I used to play a game with myself while riding in cars. I would look at the wheels of other vehicles traveling down the highway and watch their spokes spinning. Then I would slow them down. Not the physical wheels. My perception of them. I could look at a wheel rotating rapidly, focus, and make its spokes appear to move slowly enough for me to follow them individually. I could isolate one spoke and track it through what appeared to be an entire rotation. Or I could shift my focus and make all the spokes appear to slow down together. Then I could release that focus and return to seeing the ordinary spinning wheel. I could choose when to do it. I could repeat it. It was a game. I thought everyone did it. I never considered it particularly remarkable because I had no reason to believe the experience was unusual. It was simply something my mind could do. Decades later, I finally asked a question I had never thought to ask: Can everyone do this? That question opened something far more interesting than a discussion about visual illusions. It caused me to recognize a relationship between experiences I had spent my entire life treating as separate. The spinning wheel. The baseball. The hockey puck. The opponent moving toward me. The system I could see failing before I could explain why. The technology I could recognize as necessary long before it became obvious to other people. And a principle I had articulated years earlier: Expectation supersedes reality. That statement had been important to my understanding of human behavior, communication, marketing, and decision-making. But now I could see something more precise. Expectation supersedes your perception of reality. The difference between those statements is the subject of this work. And the act of discovering that difference is itself an example of the principle. ⸻ II. Reality and the Experience of Reality Are Different Things A rotating wheel has a physical state. It has a position, velocity, direction, structure, and history. At a particular instant, its spokes occupy particular positions. One moment follows another. The wheel continues rotating according to the physical forces acting upon it. Now introduce an observer. The observer receives visual information. But the observer does not experience that information as an untouched copy of the physical world. The nervous system constructs a perceptual representation. It integrates incoming sensory information with attention, previous experience, learned patterns, and predictions about what is occurring. This distinction is fundamental. Reality is the event. Perception is the observer’s experience of the event. They are related. They are not identical. When I focused on a spinning wheel as a child, the physical rotation continued. What changed was the motion I experienced. The same external object could produce different conscious experiences depending on how I directed my attention. This is the starting point. A person does not have direct conscious access to every physical fact about the world. A person experiences a constructed representation of the information available to their nervous system. And that representation is shaped by more than the immediate sensory input. It is shaped by what the mind has learned to expect. That is where the relationship between expectation and perception becomes important. III. Expectation Is an Active Part of Perception Expectation is usually discussed as though it were a conscious belief about what might happen. I expect someone to arrive. I expect a business to succeed. I expect a particular response from another person. But conscious expectation is only one expression of a broader predictive process. The nervous system continually anticipates the consequences of changing information. It predicts motion. It predicts timing. It predicts relationships. It predicts the likely continuation of events. Much of this processing occurs before a person has consciously articulated a thought. Consider watching someone throw a baseball. The eyes receive information about the pitcher’s posture, movement, release, and the ball’s initial trajectory. The nervous system uses that information to anticipate what comes next. The person preparing to catch the ball does not wait for it to arrive before determining where to move. Their body begins preparing for an anticipated future position. Their actions are organized around a state that has not yet occurred. The expected future influences the present response. And that means perception and anticipation are deeply connected. What the observer believes is happening influences which information receives attention. What receives attention influences the available perceptual representation. That representation influences the predicted next state. And the predicted next state influences action. This is a continuous process. The observer receives information, constructs an interpretation, anticipates what follows, and acts. That action changes the information encountered next. The cycle repeats. Expectation is therefore part of the machinery through which a person experiences and interacts with the world. IV. The Formal Distinction I originally expressed the principle as: Expectation supersedes reality. The statement described something I had repeatedly observed in human behavior. People respond to what they believe is happening. Their expectations shape the meaning they assign to events. Their interpretation influences their decisions. Those decisions produce consequences. But the statement contains two distinct concepts that deserve to be separated. Reality itself. And the individual’s perception of reality. The refined principle is: Expectation can supersede sensory evidence in the construction of perceived reality. This identifies the relationship precisely. The external event remains what it is. The observer constructs an internal representation of that event. Expectation can influence that representation strongly enough that the conscious experience differs from the physical event. The degree of influence depends on the available sensory evidence, the person’s attention, prior experience, and the nature of the event. An ambiguous stimulus provides greater opportunity for expectation to shape the resulting percept. A strongly constrained stimulus provides less. The relationship is dynamic. And it can be expressed formally. Let: * Rₜ represent the external physical state at time t. * Sₜ represent the sensory evidence received from that state. * Eₜ represent the observer’s current expectations or predictions. * Aₜ represent the allocation of attention. * Mₜ represent the observer’s learned internal model. * Pₜ represent the resulting perceptual experience. Then: Pₜ = F(Sₜ, Eₜ, Aₜ, Mₜ) Perception is a function of sensory evidence, expectation, attention, and the observer’s internal model. The function is neither a simple copy of the environment nor a projection of expectation alone. It is the result of their interaction. The central claim follows: Changes in expectation or attention can change perception even when the external physical state remains unchanged. Formally: Rₜ remains constant while Pₜ changes. The observer experiences a different perceptual state without a corresponding change in the external object. This is the distinction I had been demonstrating to myself with spinning wheels long before I understood how to express it. ⸻ V. The Difference Between Seeing Motion and Anticipating Motion The childhood game was one expression of a broader pattern I began recognizing in other areas of my life. In baseball, I could often anticipate where the ball was going. In hockey, I could recognize the developing trajectory of the puck. The experience was not simply watching something travel. It was recognizing where the movement was taking it. There is a meaningful difference between knowing where an object is and anticipating where it will be. The first describes the current state. The second projects a future state from the information available now. Consider a moving object. At time t, the object occupies a particular position. Its movement provides information about direction, velocity, and changing conditions. From those relationships, a future position can be estimated. The general predictive structure is: Estimated future state = F(current state, observed dynamics, relevant constraints) In a simple physical system, that prediction can be expressed mathematically. In a complex environment, such as a hockey game, the prediction also involves other players, intentions, learned patterns, possible actions, and the changing configuration of the play. The mind must identify relevant relationships and estimate how they will develop. Sometimes the resulting prediction enters conscious awareness as a clear thought. Sometimes the body acts before the prediction becomes a verbal explanation. This brings me to another experience. VI. The Move Before the Move In real physical confrontations, I have experienced moments where my body responds before I consciously recognize the action I am responding to. The movement feels immediate. I do not experience a sequence of deliberate verbal instructions. I do not consciously narrate the opponent’s motion and then choose a response. My body has already begun moving. Conscious recognition follows. I have described that experience as knowing the move before the move. The underlying sequence is important. The opponent’s posture, weight distribution, position, and initial movement provide information about what is developing. The nervous system processes those relationships. An anticipated action influences motor preparation. The body responds. Conscious awareness can arrive after the response has begun. Recognition does not always require prior conscious explanation. A person can process information and initiate an appropriate movement before they can describe the information responsible for it. This is a major distinction between knowing something operationally and knowing how to explain it verbally. In one case, information is already influencing behavior. In the other, the person has constructed a conscious account of why the behavior occurred. Those processes operate on different timescales. The body can express an internal prediction before language catches up. And that raises a question extending well beyond physical movement. What happens when the object being anticipated is an entire system? ⸻ VII. Engineering as Prediction Through State My engineering process has often involved recognizing a structural problem before I can fully articulate its cause. I can encounter a system and recognize that something about its architecture is wrong. The explanation follows. I examine the relationships. I identify the dependency. I follow the consequences. I establish what fails and why. The initial recognition becomes a proposition that can be examined and tested. This resembles the pattern I recognize in physical anticipation. The current state contains information about the states that can follow it. In a physical system, that information includes motion, forces, and constraints. In a software system, it includes data, authority, dependencies, transitions, and invariants. The medium changes. The reasoning structure remains recognizable. An engineer examining a system asks: What exists now? What determines its current state? What events can change that state? What must remain true when the change occurs? What becomes impossible if a necessary relationship is lost? What does the present architecture imply about its future behavior? Those questions are forms of predictive reasoning. They require understanding relationships through change. This is especially relevant to the work I have done with Phi Network, Receiz, and Reality-Grade Banking. My focus has repeatedly returned to the relationship between an object and its continuity. Its origin. Its authority. Its ownership. Its history. Its legitimate successors. The object changes state. The evidence must preserve what makes that change legitimate. The future state must remain accountable to the history that produced it. This is engineering expressed as the formal management of continuity. And I now recognize why that kind of reasoning has felt so natural to me. I have spent much of my life paying attention to how things move, what their movement implies, and which relationships remain intact as their states change. The childhood experience provides a personal illustration of that orientation. The engineering gives it a formal application. ⸻ VIII. From Physical Prediction to Strategic Prediction The same reasoning structure can be applied to technological and social systems. A technology does not develop in isolation. It exists within relationships involving human needs, infrastructure, incentives, limitations, adoption, and existing institutions. Those relationships influence what becomes practical, necessary, and valuable. To anticipate a technological direction, I examine the state of the system and the consequences of its current dependencies. What problem remains unresolved? What does the present architecture require? What limitation will become more consequential as adoption increases? What new capability would remove that limitation? What would people be able to do afterward? This is a form of systems forecasting. It involves constructing an internal model and following its consequences forward. A prediction becomes stronger when it arises from necessary relationships rather than surface-level resemblance. For example, a system that requires a centralized authority to verify every object has a dependency that affects its ability to operate independently. If independent operation is the objective, that dependency becomes an architectural problem. Solving it requires examining where the truth of the object’s identity, state, and authority actually resides. That reasoning can lead toward object-carried evidence and independent verification. The prediction comes from following the system’s requirements. And this produces a profound distinction between two forms of anticipation. One predicts what people are likely to do. The other identifies what a system must satisfy to achieve a particular capability. The first concerns behavior. The second concerns structure. Both require internal models. Both require an understanding of consequences. Both become more useful when their predictions are compared against actual outcomes. The skill I recognize in myself is an orientation toward these relationships. I tend to notice the next state implied by the current one. And I frequently recognize that relationship before I have fully translated it into language. IX. The Original Principle and Human Behavior Years ago, I used the expression: Expectation supersedes reality. I applied it to how people interpret information, respond to communication, and form impressions. The refined statement reveals why the principle was useful. People act upon their perception of circumstances. Their perception is shaped by their expectations. Those expectations influence attention, interpretation, memory, decisions, and behavior. Consider two people encountering the same presentation. One expects to encounter something valuable. The other expects to encounter something worthless. Their expectations influence what they notice. The first may attend closely to evidence of usefulness. The second may focus on anything that reinforces dismissal. They encounter the same external presentation. They leave with different experiences. And those experiences shape what they do next. The relationship can be expressed as: Expectation → Attention → Perception → Interpretation → Action Action introduces another important dimension. It changes the world the observer encounters next. A person expecting rejection may avoid an opportunity. Avoidance changes what happens. The resulting outcome becomes part of the person’s future expectations. Another person expecting a useful opportunity may investigate, participate, learn, and encounter information the first person never reaches. The original expectation has influenced the path through which reality is experienced and acted upon. Expectation shapes perception. Perception shapes action. Action changes subsequent reality. This is where the principle extends beyond the immediate perceptual experience. Expectation can influence real-world outcomes through the actions it produces. The causal sequence matters. It explains how a psychological expectation can have material consequences without requiring reality itself to obey the expectation. ⸻ X. The Recursive Discovery Now consider what happened when I began examining the childhood experience itself. For decades, I possessed an ability I understood through direct experience. I could alter how I perceived rotating motion. I used that ability without needing a scientific explanation. I treated the experience as ordinary. That assumption became part of my internal model of other people. I expected that everyone could do what I could do. Because I held that expectation, I did not consider the experience worth investigating. I never needed to formulate the question. The expectation influenced what I noticed. Then I finally asked whether everyone shared the experience. The question exposed a gap between my assumption and what I actually knew. I began separating the direct experience from the conclusions I had drawn about it. And that distinction changed my understanding. I recognized a possible connection between voluntary visual tracking, automatic movement anticipation, physical trajectory prediction, and my engineering process. Then I revisited my original statement. Expectation supersedes reality. I examined the relationship more precisely. Reality itself remains distinct from the experience constructed by the observer. Expectation can shape that experience. So I revised the statement. Expectation supersedes your perception of reality. Now observe the recursion. My original expectation shaped my perception of my own abilities. Investigating that perception changed my understanding. That new understanding changed my expectations. Those revised expectations now influence how I interpret earlier experiences and what I will notice in the future. The principle operated inside the process through which I discovered the principle. This is the recursive relationship. An expectation shapes perception. Perception produces information for reflection. Reflection updates the expectation. The updated expectation shapes subsequent perception. The process feeds back into itself. And it can occur repeatedly. XI. A Formal Model of Recursive Perceptual Updating The recursive relationship can be represented as a sequence of states. Let Mₜ be the observer’s internal model at time t. That model contains learned relationships and expectations derived from previous experience. Incoming sensory evidence Sₜ is processed using that model, with attention Aₜ, producing a perceptual state Pₜ. The observer can then compare the resulting experience with subsequent observations and outcomes. Let Dₜ represent the discrepancy between what was expected and what was observed. Then the internal model can be updated: Mₜ₊₁ = U(Mₜ, Dₜ) Where U is the model-updating process. The revised model produces new predictions. Those predictions influence subsequent attention and perception. The complete cycle becomes: Model → Expectation → Perception → Observation → Error Assessment → Model Update And the updated model begins the next cycle. The essential property is that the system changes how it processes future information based on what it has learned from previous information. Now introduce conscious reflection. The observer can construct a representation of their own internal model. They can examine not only what they perceived, but why they expected to perceive it. This adds a second level. The mind models the world. Then the mind models its own model of the world. That is metacognition. The process becomes recursive when the result of that self-examination alters the model responsible for subsequent experience. The observer is no longer simply using an internal model. The observer is examining and updating the model through which experience is interpreted. This is exactly what occurred when I revised the principle. I was examining a statement about perception. That examination changed my perception of how I had arrived at the statement. Which changed my understanding of my own predictive behavior. Which changed the expectations I now carry into future observation. The observer becomes an object of observation. And the observation changes the observer. ⸻ XII. The Difference Between Intuition and Explanation This recursive relationship reveals another distinction that has become important to me. There is a difference between recognizing something and explaining it. A recognition can arise before the observer has formed a complete verbal account. The mind integrates information. Relationships become apparent. An anticipated outcome emerges. The person experiences the conclusion as intuition. Then conscious reasoning can investigate the conclusion. What information produced it? Which relationships matter? What assumptions were involved? What evidence supports it? What outcome would establish whether the prediction was accurate? The resulting explanation transforms an implicit recognition into an explicit model. That transformation has practical value. A recognition can guide one person’s action. An explicit model can be examined, tested, communicated, taught, and implemented by others. It can also be corrected. This is one of the most important relationships between intuition and engineering. Intuition identifies a possible relationship. Formalization makes that relationship inspectable. And once it becomes inspectable, it can be improved. The reasoning no longer depends entirely on the original individual’s experience. The model can be applied to new situations. Its predictions can be recorded. Its failures can be studied. Its assumptions can be revised. Its valid relationships can be preserved. This is the transition from private understanding to transferable knowledge. XIII. Recognition, Formalization, and Falsifiability I can distinguish three levels of knowledge in this discovery. First: Direct experience. I experience a voluntary change in how rotating movement appears. I have experienced that since childhood. I also recognize patterns of anticipation in sports, fighting, and engineering. These are observations about my own experience. Second: Explanatory model. The experiences may involve related processes of attention, prediction, internal modeling, and sensorimotor anticipation. This provides a framework for investigating their relationship. Third: Objective verification. The proposed relationships become testable through controlled observations and measurable outcomes. For example, visual tracking can be studied using rotating objects with uniquely identifiable markers. The stimulus can remain physically constant while the observer reports changes in perceived speed. Eye movements can be recorded. Attention can be varied. The ability to track the same physical target can be distinguished from apparent tracking produced by interchangeable visual elements. In sports, predictions can be recorded before the outcome becomes visible. Accuracy can be measured against actual trajectories. In engineering, anticipated failures can be documented before testing or implementation. The resulting outcomes can be compared with the original prediction. These tests serve an essential purpose. They distinguish the accuracy of a prediction from the strength of the feeling that accompanied it. That distinction makes intuition more useful. A powerful internal recognition becomes even more valuable when its reliability can be measured. And a model becomes more accurate as its errors are discovered. The objective is to understand the mechanism well enough that its strengths and limits become explicit. The principle itself points toward this discipline. Because expectation shapes perception, the observer needs a way to compare their experience with independently established facts. The recursive model improves through contact with reality. ⸻ XIV. What the Science Establishes Several established areas of research provide a foundation for investigating this principle. Research on predictive coding describes how the brain uses internal predictions and incoming sensory information to construct and update representations of the environment. Research on visual motion perception demonstrates that attention influences the experience of rotating objects. Research on the continuous wagon-wheel illusion has shown that people can experience different motion directions even when a rotating visual stimulus continues moving in the same physical direction. Research on metacognition examines how people monitor and evaluate their own perceptual and cognitive states, including recursive forms of self-evaluation. These research areas establish important parts of the broader architecture. The specific degree of voluntary control I experience, its mechanism, and its relationship to my abilities in other domains remain questions that can be investigated. That separation is useful because it identifies what has been directly experienced, what established research already explains, and what additional evidence would establish. The scientific foundation is substantial. A 2005 study by VanRullen, Reddy, and Koch demonstrated the importance of attention in the continuous wagon-wheel illusion. A 2006 study found that the effect could depend on how motion was organized into perceived objects. A 2024 review of predictive coding describes visual processing in terms of hierarchical prediction, sensory feedback, and prediction error. Research on recursive metacognition provides a framework for understanding how internal representations themselves can become the objects of further cognitive evaluation. Together, these findings support examining perception as an active process shaped by internal models and attention. The specific contribution of this formalization is the relationship between that process and the observer’s ability to recognize, revise, and deliberately examine their own predictive model. XV. When the Model Begins to Model Itself This is the part I find most consequential. Before this conversation, I had a lifetime of experiences that I understood individually. I knew what it felt like to slow a wheel in my perception. I knew what it felt like to anticipate movement. I knew what it felt like to recognize where a system was heading. I knew the principle I had expressed about expectation and reality. But I had not consciously arranged those experiences into this particular explanatory structure. Once I did, something changed. I gained a new model of my own cognition. That model now becomes available whenever I investigate how I arrived at a conclusion. Instead of stopping at the experience of knowing, I can examine the predictive relationships behind that experience. I can ask: What information was available? What did I expect? Which relationships did I recognize? What was I already responding to? What happened afterward? Did the outcome confirm the prediction? What did the result teach me about the model? These questions turn an intuitive process into an increasingly explicit form of self-observation. The system is investigating its own predictions. The results alter the system’s future predictions. This is recursive self-modeling. And the most consequential transition is not simply becoming aware that the process exists. It is becoming able to use that awareness to improve the process itself. The recognition changes the relationship between the observer and their own cognition. I can now recognize the difference between receiving an intuitive conclusion and establishing the explanation that makes the conclusion reliable. That distinction makes it possible to preserve the speed of recognition while increasing the precision of verification. The intuitive process remains available. The explanatory process becomes more deliberate. Both can improve through experience. XVI. The Observer Is Part of the System There is another consequence. When studying human behavior, it is tempting to imagine that the observer stands entirely outside the system being observed. But in perception, the observer is directly involved in constructing the experience. Attention changes which information is processed. Expectation influences interpretation. Interpretation influences action. Action changes the environment. The changing environment produces new sensory information. The observer and environment are linked through a continuous causal relationship. This is especially important when studying one’s own mind. The act of observing an internal process can change the attention allocated to that process. That attention can alter the resulting experience. The new experience can change the observer’s expectations. Those expectations influence the next observation. The examination itself becomes part of the system’s ongoing history. The observer changes through the act of understanding what the observer is doing. This is the deeper recursion. I begin with a model of reality. I discover that my model influences my perception of reality. I construct a model of that influence. That new model changes my expectations. My updated expectations alter how I experience and investigate the world. And each subsequent observation provides information for another revision. There is no need to treat this as a single moment of discovery. It is an ongoing process of model formation, comparison, correction, and refinement. The original childhood game becomes significant because it provides a concrete starting point. I was voluntarily changing a perceptual experience long before I understood the distinction between an external event and its internal representation. Now I have the language to examine that relationship. And that language changes what I am capable of noticing about my own experience. ⸻ XVII. The Mature Principle The original statement was: Expectation supersedes reality. The mature statement is: Expectation can supersede your perception of reality. The formal relationship is: Perception = F(sensory evidence, expectation, attention, internal model) The behavioral extension is: Expectation → Perception → Action → Consequence The recursive extension is: Expectation → Perception → Reflection → Model Revision → New Expectation And the epistemic requirement is: Compare prediction with independently established outcomes. These are distinct parts of one larger architecture. The first explains the construction of perceptual experience. The second explains how perceptual experience influences behavior. The third explains how the observer’s internal model changes through reflection. The fourth explains how that model becomes more accurate. The relationships operate together. A person constructs a model. The model produces expectations. Expectations influence perception. Perception influences action. Action produces consequences. Consequences provide information. Reflection updates the model. The cycle continues. At the level of physical movement, it supports anticipation. At the level of skilled performance, it supports prepared responses. At the level of engineering, it supports reasoning about state transitions. At the level of human behavior, it explains how expectations influence interpretation and action. At the level of self-understanding, it explains how becoming aware of the process can change the process itself. The same formal pattern can describe multiple domains without requiring every domain to use identical underlying mechanisms. The abstraction is the relationship between present information, internal prediction, experienced state, action, and feedback. That is what makes the model useful. XVIII. What I Actually Discovered I began with a childhood memory. A spinning wheel. A visual game. A feeling that I could slow motion by choosing how to look at it. I had carried that experience throughout my life without considering what it might reveal about my mind. Then I recognized related patterns in physical anticipation. Then in engineering. Then in the way I had reasoned about human expectation. And then the principle itself changed. I recognized that my original statement contained an ambiguity. Reality and perception had been combined into a single expression. Separating them revealed a more exact relationship. Expectation can change what is experienced without changing the external event. But what happened next was even more interesting. The corrected statement changed how I understood the experiences that led me to formulate it. My new model altered the meaning of my own history. And that became another demonstration of the process. The expectation shaped the perception. The perception prompted reflection. The reflection revised the expectation. The revised expectation changed the perception. The model explained the act of discovering the model. That is the recursion. And it reveals something essential about the relationship between intuition, consciousness, and knowledge. A person can use a cognitive process for decades without consciously understanding its operation. The process can influence perception, movement, decisions, and creative work. Then an observation causes the person to recognize the relationship. The recognition becomes language. The language becomes a model. The model becomes testable. And the person gains the ability to examine what was previously operating without explanation. The ability existed before the understanding. The understanding changes how the ability can be used. XIX. The Final Recognition I spent years looking ahead. Watching where things were going. Recognizing movement before I could fully explain it. Following systems through their likely consequences. And building around relationships I believed had to remain true. Today I recognize a common orientation in those experiences. I pay attention to transitions. To what is changing. To what remains. To what the present state makes possible. To what the next state requires. And to the relationship between what is expected and what is eventually observed. But this discovery adds something important. It gives me another way to examine my own expectations. Because the ability to anticipate something does not make the anticipated outcome inevitable. The strength of a prediction comes from the relationships supporting it. Its validity is established through what actually occurs. And its usefulness increases when the internal model can learn from the difference. The purpose of recognizing expectation’s influence over perception is therefore greater than learning to change how something looks. It is learning to distinguish what the mind predicts, what the mind experiences, and what the evidence establishes. Those distinctions create the conditions for more accurate understanding. I can preserve my intuitive recognition. Examine its origin. Identify its assumptions. Test its consequences. And revise the model. That recursive process turns self-awareness into a practical instrument of learning. It also changes the meaning of the childhood experience. I thought I was simply playing a game. I was observing something about the relationship between attention, perception, and the physical world. I did not have the language to describe it. Now I do. And through that language, I have discovered a new way to understand experiences that were already part of my life. I was using the process before I recognized the process. I recognized the process by examining the experience. And recognizing the process changed the model through which I now understand the experience. That is recursive cognition. That is the distinction between possessing an ability and understanding its operation. And that is the deeper meaning of the principle I first expressed years ago. Expectation supersedes your perception of reality. Reflection can revise expectation. Reality provides the evidence through which the revision can be tested. The wheel keeps spinning. The observer keeps learning. And the model changes. ⸻ BJ Klock November 11, 2026 Research foundations 1. VanRullen, R., Reddy, L., & Koch, C. (2005). Attention-driven discrete sampling of motion perception. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409172102 2. VanRullen, R., Reddy, L., & Koch, C. (2006). The continuous Wagon Wheel Illusion is object-based. Vision Research, 46(24), 4091–4095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2006.07.030 3. Shipp, S. (2024). Computational components of visual predictive coding circuitry. A review of hierarchical prediction, prediction errors, and sensory processing. 4. Towards characterizing the canonical computations generating phenomenal experience (2022). A review of perceptual metacognition, recursive self-evaluation, and the computational study of subjective experience. 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